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Retailers aren’t the only ones gearing up for the holiday season. Criminals are also out in force.

Scam

To highlight the increased crime during the holidays, security company McAfee has come up with the “12 Scams of Christmas” ranging from bogus electronic greeting cards that deliver malware instead of cheer to fake charities that steal your money and your identity.

It’s especially important to be extra careful this time of year, says McAfee’s David Marcus. “The bad guys know people are spending more time online, they’re paying more bills online so [the criminals] stand a chance of being a bit more successful this time of year.

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w32sality-virus

In addition, Sality opens a backdoor that allows the remote attacker to get the full control over the infected computer and this places any financial or banking information stored on your computer in severe jeopardy and represents a serious security risk.

Also known as: W32/Sality (McAfee), Virus.Win32.Sality.aa (Kaspersky), W32.Sality.AE (Symantec), Virus:Win32/Sality.AM (MS OneCare), PE_SALITY.EM (Trend)

W32/Sality is a parasitic virus that infects Win32 PE executable files. It is a polymorphic virus that attempts to spread by file infection. It looks for Win32 PE executable files with .EXE or .SCR file extensions, and infects any such files found on the system by appending the virus body to the host file.

The virus also attempts to propagate by copying itself with a random filename to network drives, including all removable disk drives. Sality.AA also creates an “autorun.inf” file in these drives so that the virus executes when it is accessed.

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An anti-virus software program is a computer program that can be used to scan files to identify and eliminate computer viruses and other malicious software (malware).

Anti-virus software typically uses two different techniques to accomplish this:

• Examining files to look for known viruses by means of a virus dictionary
• Identifying suspicious behavior from any computer program which might indicate infection

Most commercial anti-virus software uses both of these approaches, with an emphasis on the virus dictionary approach.

Virus dictionary approach
In the virus dictionary approach, when the anti-virus software examines a file, it refers to a dictionary of known viruses that have been identified by the author of the anti-virus software. If a piece of code in the file matches any virus identified in the dictionary, then the anti-virus software can then either delete the file, quarantine it so that the file is inaccessible to other programs and its virus is unable to spread, or attempt to repair the file by removing the virus itself from the file.

To be successful in the medium and long term, the virus dictionary approach requires periodic online downloads of updated virus dictionary entries. As new viruses are identified “in the wild”, civically minded and technically inclined users can send their infected files to the authors of anti-virus software, who then include information about the new viruses in their dictionaries.

Dictionary-based anti-virus software typically examines files when the computer’s operating system creates, opens, and closes them; and when the files are e-mailed. In this way, a known virus can be detected immediately upon receipt. The software can also typically be scheduled to examine all files on the user’s hard disk on a regular basis.

Although the dictionary approach is considered effective, virus authors have tried to stay a step ahead of such software by writing “polymorphic viruses”, which encrypt parts of themselves or otherwise modify themselves as a method of disguise, so as to not match the virus’s signature in the dictionary.

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